05/18/12

Interview-Nicholas DeCarbo of UMiami’s Frost School of Music

I had the opportunity to do an email interview with Dr. Nicholas DeCarbo, Associate Dean of Administration and Professor of Music Education at the Frost School of Music at the University of Miami in Coral Gables, FL. Dr. DeCarbo has been teaching for many years, both at the High School and the Collegiate level, and has one of the greatest musical minds of anybody I have ever met. Here are his thoughts:

What was your earliest musical memory?

I remember that we had a baby grand piano in our home, right as you came into the front door – sort of a parlor, and I would spend a lot of my “free” time sitting with my feet dangling over the piano bench playing on the white and black keys.  These recollections are from early childhood, certainly before I started Kindergarten.

When did you realize you wanted to pursue a future in Music Education?

I realized I wanted to pursue music education and be an instrumental music teacher when I was a sophomore in high school.  Like many secondary students who venture into the music profession, my high school choir and band and orchestra directors also impressed me.  They “convinced” me by their actions that I wanted to be like them.

However, through my undergraduate education, I discovered that perhaps it would be good to pursue a career as a professional conductor.  Because all undergraduate music majors were music education majors, it seemed that I was on the correct path to either teach or conduct professionally.

As an undergraduate, I had the opportunity to conduct the combined choral and instrumental forces of Phi Mu Alpha Sinfonia and Sigma Alpha Iota fraternities.  Since the memberships of these organizations were large, we could mount serious large-scale works.  I had the opportunity to organize and conduct on concerts works by Purcell, Handel, Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven, Barber, Copland, and Ives.  These opportunities fed my love for teaching and conducting.

What was a musical memory that stands out to you the most from your years in secondary school?

Rather than a single musical memory, I have wonderful memories of a Sousa Band that I conducted while I was in high school.

As a junior in high school I started a “Sousa Band,” that met on Saturdays from 9 – 11 am, January through May, on the auditorium stage.  All the first and second chair wind and percussion players from the high school symphonic band and orchestra played in the Sousa Band.  We played Sousa marches!

The high school’s instrumental music library had a considerable number of John Philip Sousa marches that were published by John Church, the original publisher of Sousa’s music.  I would sit for hours and study the scores and parts.

Can you believe it – two hours of playing Sousa marches every Saturday morning?  This was the start of my interest in teaching and conducting.

What advice would you give a prospective Music Education major, as they prepare to decide what to do and where to study?

I tell students two things: first, gather as much information as you can about what you are studying, whether it be a future direction of study or a place in which to study, and then, follow your heart.  Your heart will never steer you in the wrong direction!

What advice would you give a current Music Education major with regards to ways to get the most out of your undergraduate education?

Regardless of the music major, the most important part of studying music is listening to the great repertoire.  That means students must go to recitals – lots of them, play in ensembles, and listen to recordings.  All of this is done best after studying the scores of the music for which you are listening.  I know of no other way to get a solid musical education.  Listening to great music is everything.

What levels did you teach, and where? What was one lasting memory from your teaching years?

I taught elementary, junior high, and senior high instrumental music at West Middlesex Independent School District in West Middlesex, Pennsylvania.  First five years, I taught all levels, band and orchestra.  In my sixth year we were fortunate to hire a woodwind specialist that took over the elementary band and a string specialist that taught strings and orchestra on all three levels.  This allowed me to concentrate on teaching the middle school and senior high school bands and high school orchestra.

It is difficult to point out one lasting memory because I have so many wonderful memories of teaching at West Middlesex.  However, I believe a lasting memory occurred when the West Middlesex Symphonic Band played at Heinz Hall in Pittsburgh with Frederick Fennell and Col. Arnald Gabriel as guest conductors.  Fennell conducted Grainger’s Lincolnshire Posey; Gabriel conducted Verdi’s La Forza del Destino Overture.

I also conducted the Youngstown Symphony Youth Orchestra for 10 years.  This was a first-rate musical organization.  It was at this time that I studied conducting seriously with Franz Bibo, associate conductor of the Cleveland Orchestra.  He stood right beside me during rehearsals.  The pressure was always on to make the best musical decisions using succinct language.  Franz was one of my best teachers – an inspiration.  This 10-year stint led to my involvement as an assistant conductor of the Youngstown (Ohio) Symphony Orchestra and conductor of its Opera Chorus.

What advice would you give any band director in today’s world?

My advice was given in the previous question/answer.  One cannot teach music to others without knowing in your musical ear the sound that must be produced.  To teach a beginning flute player, the teacher must know a good flute sound.  One learns this by listening.  It follows for all the instruments.  One learns to know a good band sound by listening to good band.  It follows for choir and orchestra, strings, a woodwind quintet, a brass quartet, et cetera.  Considerable listening is the key to becoming a good music teacher.

How do you feel you have changed as a musician and educator as your career has progressed?

As I have matured, I have become more tolerant of young musicians who want to become teachers.  When I was a young music teacher, I thought my job was to teach my students everything I knew about music.  I now believe I want to excite in the young musician a boundless sense of curiosity about music, so that the growing musician will come to apprehend music with an excitement tempered by awe and wonder- curiosity that will never end.

Thank you so much for taking the time to answer these questions!

You are Welcome!

REVIEW: Teaching Band and Chorus in the 21st Century

Teaching Band and Chorus in the 21st Century

A Book by BNC Education

While in Washington, D.C. for MENC’s Music Education Week, I had the pleasure of meeting Mrs. Kriston Feldpausch, one of the Executive Directors of BNC Education. I have had a small amount of interaction with BNC Education before; one of my personal blog posts was featured in the June edition of the Music Education Blog Carnival, which they hosted on their blog. It was wonderful getting to put a face to the name, and get to have some great conversations with Mrs. Feldpausch.

One thing I did not know about BNC Education when I arrived in Washington is that they have published a book! Mrs. Feldpausch, along with Mr. Steve Raybould (the other half of BNC Education) published a book in 2008 entitled Teaching Band and Chorus in the 21st Century: A Director’s Guide. When I informed Mrs. Feldpausch of what I was doing here at MusicEdMajor.net, she asked if I would be interested in writing a review of the book here on the site. I, of course, was thrilled with the idea, and this review is the result of that encounter!

The Premise

There are plenty of books that have been published on pedagogical techniques, books that “teach you how to teach.” This book is different, though, in that it is geared towards teaching you many things you won’t learn in your method’s courses, and some that you will as well. As the back cover explains:

Teaching Band and Chorus in the 21st Century is a practical, common-sense guide to efficiently running a band and chorus program.

Essentially, the authors highlight details of absolutely everything that a teacher could encounter, from ways to structure lessons and organize rehearsal time to advice for how to build your program’s budget. It is really an all-in-one crash course in being a band or chorus teacher.

The Layout

The book is laid out in four sections. The first section is entitled “Your Students” and discusses topics that will involve both you (the teacher) and your students (for example, listening, classroom management, and assessment). This section is the main area that discusses pedagogical techniques; most of the rest of the book focuses on the “extra stuff” that all teachers encounter. Section two is called “Your Program.” This is the longest section in the book, and covers topics such as marketing your program, planning concerts, financial considerations, paperwork, and parent communication. The third section, “Your Place,” is about relating your ensemble to the community. It includes advice on recruiting, collaboration, and administration. Finally, section four is entitled “Your Life” and focuses on your well-being as the director. The three issues covered in this section are getting a job, professional development, and things to do over the summer (a topic that has also been covered here at MusicEdMajor.net).

In addition to the content of the book, the authors have added small segments, which appear in sidebar format on some pages, or take up full pages elsewhere, to add additional insight. The first of these are called “Technology Tips,” and they include ideas for integrating technology into the music program. The “What if…” boxes anticipate “what if…” questions that are likely to come up based on the content around which they are placed (for example, the “What if” box in the budgeting section is appropriately titled “What if my budget gets cut?”). The third type of section is called “Reality Check,” and appears every so often on it’s own page, with a reminder that as ambitious as we are as musicians, we cannot do everything, and our program is not the center of the universe. Finally, the authors place a segment called “Blogging at North Central…” at the end of each topic. This segment chronicles the lives of two fictional teachers, band director Barbara Ritter and choral director Conrad Wallace, telling stories about encounters they have had that coincide with the topic they follow. The catch is, all the stories themselves are true-the names have just been changed!

The Content

This book will not find its home as a textbook in a collegiate Music Education program any time soon, but it does serve its purpose extremely well. The information and ideas in the book are fresh and exciting, and they are delivered in an extremely passionate voice. The book is written in a more informal voice than a typical textbook, which makes it significantly easier to read. The authors (one of whom is a choral director, the other a band director) do a good job of citing specific examples from both of the concentrations equally, although there are some sections that focus specifically on one concentration where a broader view might be more beneficial to the reader. All in all, though, the book does a great job at doing what it is billed to–providing a practical, common-sense guide to running a program.

In Conclusion

On a scale of 5 stars, I give this book 5 stars! It is an extremely helpful resource to beginning educators, and I would call it a “must-have” for any first-year band or chorus director. The book seems to have less application to veteran teachers than it is billed to, but it does provide the opportunity for revitalization for a veteran teacher who has fallen into a routine and is looking for new ways to go about things. This book by no means is a substitute for a 4-year Music Education degree, but it is a fantastic handbook for being out in the field, and should be on every first-year band or chorus director’s shelf! It is not necessarily cheap at $21.95, but I feel it would be a good investment for a beginning teacher!

Have you read this book or others like it? Please leave a comment with your thoughts or questions about the book, and I will be happy to answer anything I can! Don’t forget to pick up your copy of Teaching Band and Chorus in the 21st Century today!


Do you have a product (book, software, website) that you would like to see reviewed on MusicEdMajor.net? Leave a comment here, or email the editor at andy@andyzweibel.com for more information!


Surviving the First Two Years

Once we’re past the introductions, information, and I’m past the insecurity, the first downbeat is given to my new high school band.  And it was phenomenal; the ensemble played in perfect balance, starting from a glorious low brass sound to an upper woodwind sound that provided the perfect icing on this tonic cake.  The students responded flawlessly to the release, looking up in awe, and coming to the realization that this was the best sound they have ever made, and it was all thanks to me.

In reality, one person played, and he played a wrong note.

“What did I do wrong?” I’m asking myself.  I checked the baton – yep, fresh batteries, and it’s in the right key.  Therefore, I come to the conclusion that it is THEIR fault.

“uh, Mr. Simpson?” “It’s ‘Stinson’” “Whatever. Our old director did it differently.”  This was not the last time I would hear this phrase.

This first day was one of many moments that would destroy my assumptions. I called myself a teacher, but I was shocked at how much I had to actually “teach”. The following are assumptions that were broken during my first two years.

The students will automatically_________.

Fill in the blank: practice, sit up, respond to a new conducting gesture, etc. You might come in to a situation where the students already have proper rehearsal etiquette. Or, you might not. And it will not automatically fix itself. Put a car on cruise control, don’t touch the steering wheel, and tell me if you get to your destination. You have to be prepared to drive your students to success, and realize that yes, some students need to be taught how to and why we need to practice.

The band/choir/orchestra never meets my expectations.

One of my friends, also a first year teacher at this time, came to me with a dilemma.  “The band never does what I want it to. They would rather talk the entire time than rehearse, and it’s stressing me out.”  I asked a simple question: what do you expect from the band at rehearsal?  “Well, I expect that they’ll take forever to get ready, they’ll play out of tune, the whole rehearsal will be full of talking, and I’ll have to get after them the whole time.”  “What if you expect the opposite?” The next day, he let his band know exactly what he expected of them. Was it a perfect rehearsal?  No, but over time, he told me of the remarkable improvement.  We’ve heard it before, but here’s the bottom line: people will meet your expectations over time, regardless of how high or low you set them.

Everyone loves what you do and you will be appreciated immediately.

Another harsh reality: not all of the teachers, staff, administration, parents, and even students love the band/choir/orchestra as much as you do. Even harsher: not everyone will like you.

It’s tough to deal with. What do you do? First off, you realize that your class or ensemble is a part of a larger picture: the school. People have other priorities and obligations. Everyone in the school has worth; why not let them know? Basically, if you want respect, make sure that you’re dishing it out.

There are some people, however, that will never come over to your side. Take the seasoned 30-year teacher that has decided that he just doesn’t like new teachers. What you do then? The only thing you can do – tell yourself that they are missing out on a great person, and just keep being you for the sake of your students.

Every student will behave because I told them to.

There’s a reason that most evaluations for new teachers deal with classroom management.  Now I’m not saying classroom management is difficult; it just requires clearly defined expectations, a quick response time, a cool head, and pepper spray. (I’m kidding about that last one.  Kind of.) I spoke of my troubles to my high school band director. His advice? If it is good music, and it has the power to grasp the students and take them over for that rehearsal and you’re teaching it well, most of my problems would be gone.  Along with clear classroom guidelines, this piece of advice helped me greatly. Remember: you can’t always control what the students do, but you have complete control over your response and consequence.

You will still get some of “those” students, however. Let’s call this particular student John.  Not to protect his identity, but to deny him the pride that this story would bring him. You see, John was easy to get along with, and could usually play his part, but had a reputation for being a bit of a clown. One snowy day, things were going particularly well in rehearsal. I looked to cue the timpani, but found no response. “Where’s John?” Blank and confused looks.  “We don’t know. He was just here.”  I continued on with rehearsal as my co-director searched for him. After rehearsal, John came back in.  “Mr. Stinson, come see what I did!” The hallway door to the band room now had a three foot tall snowman (complete with a carrot stick nose) was greeting anyone that happened to be walking past. It was then that I had the answer to my question: yes, I did get a BME and thousands in debt so I could write a detention for the band room’s version of Frosty the Snowman.

Teachers Are Underpaid and Unappreciated

I’d love to completely disagree with this, but this is true for some.  But what if we look at the other side of the coin?  My friend is a math teacher. He is paid a full time salary for teaching three math classes at a high school using the block schedule.  To supplement his income, he coaches soccer, and he is a member of one of the school committees.  Each of these extra jobs provides a stipend for his outside of school work.

I am a music teacher. I am paid a full time salary for teaching three music classes in the same setting.  I have many after school commitments, but I am paid a stipend for them. I am also a member of the curriculum committee to help rewrite the fine arts standards – a chance to not only make money, but make a difference in what is expected of our students.  In the evenings, I work as a staff member for two marching bands, and on the weekends, I have a private trumpet studio and I play the occasional gig. As music teachers, we are blessed with opportunities such as these that the math or English teacher might not have. There’s money out there; just ask yourself how much time you want to put in to it. I do caution, however, about spreading yourself too thin. We would rather have A+ work in one area, than taking on many things and doing C work across the board. You need to also have time to for “recess.” The healthiest individual realizes the importance of focusing on work when working and focusing on playing during recreational time. Make time to play.

And now, for the second part – teachers are unappreciated. Do this: treat your students as the respectable young adults that you expect them to be, allow them to create and perform at their highest level, make your class worth their time, and let them know that you appreciate them. Then, let me know if you feel unappreciated at the end of the year. I sure don’t.

Front Page Image Credit: Music Man 5 on Flickr